Municipal sludge dewatering yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cov dej khib nyiab, vim nws txo qhov ntim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov sludge, txo cov nqi tsheb thauj mus los thiab pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tiav cov ntsiab lus zoo qhuav qhuav (DS) cov ntsiab lus feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab tshuaj lom neeg yuam kev.
Ntawm no yog cov5 feem ntau yuam kevnyob rau hauv lub nroog sludge dewatering thiab yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob lawv:
1. Kev xaiv thiab kev ua kom tsis zoo Polymer
Polymer (flocculant) yog "cov kua nplaum" uas tuav cov sludge hais ua ke kom lawv tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm dej. Kev siv cov polymer tsis raug yog ib qho loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua dej tsis zoo.
* Qhov yuam kev:Siv lub "ib-size- haum-tag nrho" polymer lossis siv tib lub polymer rau ob qho tib si thawj thiab pov tseg activated sludge (WAS). Thawj cov sludge feem ntau yog cov organic thiab cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm cationic polymers, thaum WAS nyuaj rau dewater thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau tus nqi sib txawv los yog qhov hnyav molecular.
* Qhov tshwm sim:Sludge uas tsis flocculate kom zoo yuav dhau los ntawm centrifuge lossis siv xovxwm, ua rau cov khoom qab zib tsawg thiab cov ntsiab lus siab hauv cov centrate (cov dej tshem tawm).
* Qhov Fix:Ua tsis tu ncuaKev Xeemkom phim hom polymer (cationic, anionic, non{0}}ionic) thiab molecular hnyav rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm koj cov sludge. Saib xyuas tus nqi ceev thiab kho raws li lub hnub nyoog sludge los yog muaj pes tsawg leeg hloov.
2. Tsis saib xyuas Polymer Hydration
Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws polymer yuav poob yog tias nws tsis tov nrog dej kom raug ua ntej muab ntxiv rau cov sludge.
* Qhov yuam kev:Rushing txheej txheem sib tov los yog siv dej txias. Polymers yog cov saw hlau ntev uas xav tau lub sijhawm "uncoil" thiab yaj tag. Yog tias lawv ntxiv sai dhau los yog tsis txaus, lawv tsim "ntses-qhov muag" (gelatinous pob uas sab nraud yog nplaum tab sis sab hauv yog cov polymer qhuav).
* Qhov tshwm sim:Cov ntses- lub qhov muag tsis yaj, ua rau cov khoom siv polymer pov tseg, cov kav dej txhaws, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
* Qhov Fix:Xyuas kom cov polymer ua-down system muab lub sijhawm dej txaus (feem ntau 30-60 feeb) thiab siv dej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (feem ntau 20℃-30℃).
3. Cov khoom siv khiav ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm (Centrifuges)
Cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau ntseeg tias khiav lub centrifuge sai dua yuav nyem tawm dej ntau dua. Nov yog lus dab neeg.
* Qhov yuam kev:Khiav lub centrifuge lub tais ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws los yog teeb tsa qhov sib txawv ceev (scroll ceev) siab dhau. High G- quab yuam tuaj yeem "shear" cov sludge flocs sib nrug, rhuav tshem lawv mus rau hauv cov khoom me me uas khiav tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem dewatering.
* Qhov tshwm sim:"Shear Sensitivity" tshwm sim, ua rau cov khib nyiab nyob hauv kev ncua. Qhov no ua rau "kua" ncuav mog qab zib thiab cov khib nyiab siab hauv cov effluent.
* Qhov Fix:Ua haujlwm centrifuge ntawm lubqis tshaj tau ceevuas tseem ua tiav lub hom phiaj qhuav cov ntsiab lus. Tsom ntsoov rau optimizing lubsib txawv ceev(qhov ceev ntawm qhov scroll pushes lub ncuav mog qab zib) es tsis yog lub tais ceev xwb.
4. Txoj siv hlua khi tsis zoo (qhov muag tsis pom kev)
Rau cov nroj tsuag siv siv lim xovxwm, lub cev lub cev ntawm txoj siv tawv yog qhov tseem ceeb.
* Qhov yuam kev:Tso cai rau lub qhov dej hauv qhov siv lim kom ua rau txhaws nrog cov khoom zoo. Qhov no yog hu ua "dig muag." Cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau tsom mus rau cov tshuaj txias thiab tsis nco qab tias lub tshuab tshuab yuav tsum ua pa.
* Qhov tshwm sim:Cov hlua dig muag tsis tuaj yeem tso dej kom zoo. Qhov no ua rau cov khoom qab zib qis dua thiab xav tau cov polymer ntau dua los sim thiab yuam cov dej tawm.
* Qhov Fix:Ua raws li lub sijhawm saib xyuas nruj rau kev ntxhua khaub ncaws. Xyuas kom cov tshuaj tsuag nozzles huv si thiab muaj lub siab txaus los ua kom txoj siv lub qhov hws qhib. Tig cov hlua tsis tu ncua yog tias lawv ua rau qhov muag tsis pom.
5. Cov nqi noj tsis sib xws
Sludge dewatering cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws nrog kev ruaj khov, kwv yees tau txaus.
* Qhov yuam kev:Tso cai surges hauv sludge ntws mus ntaus cov khoom dewatering. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj sludge tuav tso tsheb hlau luam los yog equalization basins.
* Qhov tshwm sim:Qhov tshwm sim tam sim ntawm cov sludge tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem pub khoom noj polymer, ua rau qis dua - noj. Cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem ua cov ntim nrawm txaus, ua rau muaj kev sib cais tsis zoo thiab cov khoom siv puas tsuaj.
* Qhov Fix:Txhim kho sludge tuav lub tank kom tsis txhob ntws. Siv Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) ntawm cov twj tso kua mis kom tswj tau tus nqi ntws mus tas li rau lub centrifuge lossis xovxwm.
Summary Checklist for Optimization
1. Test:Ua Jar Tests txhua lub lim tiam los kuaj xyuas cov khoom siv polymer.
2. Dissolve:Tshawb xyuas cov polymer ua- lub sij hawm poob thiab dej zoo.
3. Slow Down:Tsis txhob dhau -ceev centrifuges; tiv thaiv cov qauv floc.
4. Huv:Khaws txoj siv xovxwm nozzles thiab siv siv huv si.
5. Steady:Siv cov tank tuav kom ntseeg tau tias muaj tus nqi noj zoo ib yam.